Legend:
- pKi ~X.X: Affinity with a pKi value of approximately X.X.
- SERT: Serotonin transporter.
- NET: Norepinephrine transporter.
- DAT: Dopamine transporter.
- 5-HTx: Various subtypes of serotonin receptors.
- α1, α2: Adrenergic receptors.
- H1: Histamine H₁ receptor.
- M1: Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor.
- Notes: Important information about the medication's mechanism of action or special properties.
Explanations of the Medications:
1. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
- Medications: Fluoxetine, Sertraline, Paroxetine, Citalopram, Escitalopram
- Mechanism of Action: Selectively inhibit SERT, increasing serotonin levels in the synaptic cleft.
- Indications: Treatment of depression, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
- Side Effects: Nausea, sleep disturbances, sexual dysfunction.
2. Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)
- Medications: Venlafaxine, Duloxetine
- Mechanism of Action: Inhibit SERT and NET, increasing serotonin and norepinephrine levels.
- Indications: Depression, generalized anxiety disorder, neuropathic pain.
- Side Effects: Nausea, sweating, increased blood pressure.
3. Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
- Medications: Amitriptyline, Nortriptyline, Imipramine, Desipramine, Clomipramine
- Mechanism of Action: Inhibit SERT and/or NET and act on various receptors (H1, M1, α1).
- Indications: Severe depression, chronic pain, migraine prophylaxis.
- Side Effects: Sedation, anticholinergic effects, orthostatic hypotension.
4. Norepinephrine-Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor (NDRI)
- Medication: Bupropion
- Mechanism of Action: Inhibits NET and DAT, increasing norepinephrine and dopamine levels.
- Indications: Depression, smoking cessation.
- Side Effects: Insomnia, dry mouth, increased seizure risk.
5. Noradrenergic and Specific Serotonergic Antidepressant (NaSSA)
- Medication: Mirtazapine
- Mechanism of Action: Antagonist at presynaptic α2-adrenergic receptors and 5-HT₂/5-HT₃ receptors; increases the release of norepinephrine and serotonin.
- Indications: Depression with sleep disturbances and loss of appetite.
- Side Effects: Strong sedation, weight gain.
6. Selective Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor (NRI)
- Medication: Reboxetine
- Mechanism of Action: Selectively inhibits NET, increasing norepinephrine levels.
- Indications: Depression; off-label use for ADHD.
- Side Effects: Sleep disturbances, dry mouth, increased blood pressure.
7. Agomelatine
- Mechanism of Action: Agonist at melatonin receptors (MT1, MT2); antagonist at 5-HT₂C receptors.
- Indications: Depression with sleep disturbances, circadian rhythm disorders.
- Side Effects: Elevated transaminases (liver enzymes), headaches, dizziness.
Important Notes:
- Data Variability: Exact pKi values can vary depending on the study.
- Clinical Relevance: The effectiveness of an antidepressant depends not only on affinity to transporters and receptors but also on individual factors.
- Side Effects: Antidepressants can have different side effects depending on their receptor profile.
Disclaimer: This table is for informational purposes only and does not replace professional advice from a healthcare provider. For questions about therapy or medications, please consult your doctor or pharmacist.
Sources:
- PDSP Ki Database (University of North Carolina)
- Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology
- Current scientific literature and pharmacological databases
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